How do simple machines reduce work needed to move an object?

Simple machines reduce the work required to move an object primarily by applying force over a longer distance. This principle relies on the mechanical advantage provided by the machine, which allows a smaller force to be exerted over a longer distance to move an object that would typically require a larger force over a shorter distance.

For example, consider a ramp (an inclined plane), which allows an object to be raised to a height more gradually. Instead of lifting the object vertically, which would require a significant amount of force over a short distance, the ramp enables a less forceful push or pull over a longer distance. By spreading the effort needed to lift the object over a greater distance, less force is required at any given moment, thereby making it easier to move the object.

The other options do not accurately reflect how simple machines function. Increasing the weight of the object would make it more difficult to move, while eliminating the need for effort is not feasible; effort will always be required to some extent. Likewise, shortening the distance of movement would contradict the principle that simple machines allow for a more distributed force over a greater distance.