How does reducing the distance from the axis of rotation affect torque?

Torque is determined by the product of the force applied and the distance from the axis of rotation, known as the moment arm. When the distance from the axis of rotation is reduced while the applied force remains constant, the effective moment arm shortens, leading to a decrease in torque. This is because torque can be calculated using the formula:

Torque = Force x Distance from the axis of rotation.

As the distance decreases, and assuming the applied force stays the same, the torque value will also decrease proportionally. This principle illustrates why maintaining a longer distance from the axis of rotation can be advantageous when trying to maximize torque, as it amplifies the rotational effect of the applied force.